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Heterogeneous length-of-stay modeling of post-acute care residents in the nursing home with competing

Frontiers of Engineering Management   Pages 577-591 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0203-7

Abstract: Post-acute care (PAC) residents in nursing homes (NHs) are recently hospitalized patients with medically complex diagnoses, ranging from severe orthopedic injuries to cardiovascular diseases. A major role of NHs is to maximize restoration of PAC residents during their NH stays with desirable discharge outcomes, such as higher community discharge likelihood and lower re/hospitalization risk. Accurate prediction of the PAC residents’ length-of-stay (LOS) with multiple discharge dispositions (e.g., community discharge and re/hospitalization) will allow NH management groups to stratify NH residents based on their individualized risk in realizing personalized and resident-centered NH care delivery. Due to the highly heterogeneous health conditions of PAC residents and their multiple types of correlated discharge dispositions, developing an accurate prediction model becomes challenging. Existing predictive analytics methods, such as distribution-/regression-based methods and machine learning methods, either fail to incorporate varied individual characteristics comprehensively or ignore multiple discharge dispositions. In this work, a data-driven predictive analytics approach is considered to jointly predict the individualized re/hospitalization risk and community discharge likelihood over time in the presence of varied residents’ characteristics. A sampling algorithm is further developed to generate accurate predictive samples for a heterogeneous population of PAC residents in an NH and facilitate facility-level performance evaluation. A real case study using large-scale NH data is provided to demonstrate the superior prediction performance of the proposed work at individual and facility levels through comprehensive comparison with a large number of existing prediction methods as benchmarks. The developed analytics tools will allow NH management groups to identify the most at-risk residents by providing them with more proactive and focused care to improve resident outcomes.

Keywords： nursing home     predictive analytics     individualized prediction     competing risks     health outcomes    

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Construction risks of Huaying mount tunnel and countermeasures

Haibo YAO, Feng GAO, Shigang YU, Wei DANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 279-285 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0414-x

Abstract: The tunneling is full of risks of collapse, gas explosion or gas outburst, water (mud) inrush, gas inrush

Keywords： tunnel?construction     gas?outburst     geology?prediction     automatic?monitoring?system    

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New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

Qiang Li, Dongrui Deng

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5

Abstract:

China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.

Keywords： two-child policy     birth defects     cesarean delivery     placenta previa    

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Stem cell gene therapy: the risks of insertional mutagenesis and approaches to minimize genotoxicity

Chuanfeng Wu, Cynthia E. Dunbar

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 356-371 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0159-1

Abstract: Virus-based vectors are widely used in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy, and have the ability to integrate permanently into genomic DNA, thus driving long-term expression of corrective genes in all hematopoietic lineages. To date, HSC gene therapy has been successfully employed in the clinic for improving clinical outcomes in small numbers of patients with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-X1), adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID), adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), thalassemia, chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). However, adverse events were observed during some of these HSC gene therapy clinical trials, linked to insertional activation of proto-oncogenes by integrated proviral vectors leading to clonal expansion and eventual development of leukemia. Numerous studies have been performed to understand the molecular basis of vector-mediated genotoxicity, with the aim of developing safer vectors and lower-risk gene therapy protocols. This review will summarize current information on the mechanisms of insertional mutagenesis in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells due to integrating gene transfer vectors, discuss the available assays for predicting genotoxicity and mapping vector integration sites, and introduce newly-developed approaches for minimizing genotoxicity as a way to further move HSC gene therapy forward into broader clinical application.

Keywords： gene therapy     hematopoietic stem cells     insertional mutagenesis     genotoxicity     induced pluripotent stem cell    

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Occurrence, removal, and environmental risks of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants in south

Huang Huang, Jie Wu, Jian Ye, Tingjin Ye, Jia Deng, Yongmei Liang, Wei Liu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1053-8

Abstract:

Five pharmaceuticals were detected in wastewater treatment plants in southern China.

Biological treatment was the most effective process for PhACs removal.

Metoprolol showed negative removal during secondary treatment process.

The pharmaceuticals studied posed a low environmental risk to aquatic ecosystems.

Keywords： Pharmaceuticals     Wastewater treatment     Pearl River Delta     Occurrence     Removal     Risk assessment    

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Cultivars and oil extraction techniques affect Cd/Pb contents and health risks in oil of rapeseed grown

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1687-z

Abstract:

● Organic solvent extracted fewer Cd/Pb in rapeseed oil than physical pressing.

Keywords： Rapeseed oil     Oil extraction technologies     Human health risk assessment     Cd/Pb-contaminated farmland     Substitute planting    

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Composition, dispersion, and health risks of bioaerosols in wastewater treatment plants: A review

Yunping Han, Lin Li, Ying Wang, Jiawei Ma, Pengyu Li, Chao Han, Junxin Liu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1330-1

Abstract: This review summarizes the most recent research on the health risks of bioaerosols emitted from wastewaterconcentration and size distribution of WWTP bioaerosols; their major emission sources, composition, and health risksThese potentially pathogenic substances spread with the bioaerosols, thereby posing health risks to workers

Keywords： Wastewater treatment plant     Bioaerosols     Pathogen     Dispersion     Risk assessment    

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Legacies and health risks of heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1679-z

Abstract:

● Heavy metals and organic toxins may persist in legacy sites for a long time.

Keywords： E-waste     Human health risk     Organ risk     Heavy metal toxicity     PBDE     PCDD/F    

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Protecting healthcare personnel from 2019-nCoV infection risks: lessons and suggestions

Zhiruo Zhang, Shelan Liu, Mi Xiang, Shijian Li, Dahai Zhao, Chaolin Huang, Saijuan Chen

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 229-231 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0765-x

Abstract: The outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19, caused by the 2019-nCoV infection) in December 2019 is one of the most severe public health emergencies since the founding of People’s Republic of China in 1949. Healthcare personnel (HCP) nationwide are facing heavy workloads and high risk of infection, especially those who care for patients at the epicenter of the outbreak, Hubei Province. Sadly, as of February 20, 2020, over two thousand COVID-19 cases are confirmed among HCP from 476 hospitals nationwide, with nearly 90% of them from Hubei Province. Based on literature search and interviews with some HCP working at Wuhan, capital city of Hubei, we have summarized some of the effective measures taken to reduce infection among HCP, and also made suggestions for improving occupational safety during an infectious disease outbreak. The experience and lessons learned should be a valuable asset for international health community to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic around the world.

Keywords： healthcare personnel     COVID-19     infectious diseases    

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Mitigating microbiological risks of potential pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes and virulence

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1682-4

Abstract:

● Abundance of MAGs carrying ARG-VF pairs unchanged in rivers after WWTP upgrade.

Keywords： Wastewater treatment plant upgrade     Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)     Virulence factors (VFs)     Gene co-occurrence     Genome-centric analysis    

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Inactivation and risk control of pathogenic microorganisms in municipal sludge treatment: A review

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1504-5

Abstract:

• Diversity and detection methods of pathogenic microorganisms in sludge.

Keywords： Sludge treatment     Pathogenic microorganisms     Inactivation mechanisms     Exposure risks     Land application    

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Poor adherence to P2Y12 antagonists increased cardiovascular risks in Chinese PCI-treated patients

Yang Sun,Chenze Li,Lina Zhang,Dong Hu,Xudong Zhang,Ting Yu,Min Tao,Dao Wen Wang,Xiaoqing Shen

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 53-61 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0502-2

Abstract: However, literature provides limited data on assessment of ATM and risks associated with poor in Chinese

Keywords： acute coronary syndromes     adherence to secondary prevention medications     clinical outcome    

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Geoenvironmental Hazard Risks and Monitoring Technologies for Marine Carbon Sequestration

Zhang Shaopeng, Liu Xiaolei, Cheng Guangwei, Zhu Chaoqi, Li Qingping, He Yufa

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 3,   Pages 122-130 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.011

Abstract:  However, there exist risks of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage that leads to seabed geological disasters

Keywords： marine carbon geological sequestration     environmental geology     CO2 leakage     hazard risks     monitoring    

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Risk management of Karst tunnel of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway

Zhu Pengfei

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 12,   Pages 20-25

Abstract: At the same time, the conception of high risks has been put forward and the systemic measures for risk

Keywords： Karst tunnel     risk management     measures for risks    

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Sustainable Management and Action in China under the Increasing Risks of Global Climate Change

Yihui Ding

Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 301-305 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.014

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Heterogeneous length-of-stay modeling of post-acute care residents in the nursing home with competing

Journal Article

Construction risks of Huaying mount tunnel and countermeasures

Haibo YAO, Feng GAO, Shigang YU, Wei DANG

Journal Article

New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

Qiang Li, Dongrui Deng

Journal Article

Stem cell gene therapy: the risks of insertional mutagenesis and approaches to minimize genotoxicity

Chuanfeng Wu, Cynthia E. Dunbar

Journal Article

Occurrence, removal, and environmental risks of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants in south

Huang Huang, Jie Wu, Jian Ye, Tingjin Ye, Jia Deng, Yongmei Liang, Wei Liu

Journal Article

Cultivars and oil extraction techniques affect Cd/Pb contents and health risks in oil of rapeseed grown

Journal Article

Composition, dispersion, and health risks of bioaerosols in wastewater treatment plants: A review

Yunping Han, Lin Li, Ying Wang, Jiawei Ma, Pengyu Li, Chao Han, Junxin Liu

Journal Article

Legacies and health risks of heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins

Journal Article

Protecting healthcare personnel from 2019-nCoV infection risks: lessons and suggestions

Zhiruo Zhang, Shelan Liu, Mi Xiang, Shijian Li, Dahai Zhao, Chaolin Huang, Saijuan Chen

Journal Article

Mitigating microbiological risks of potential pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes and virulence

Journal Article

Inactivation and risk control of pathogenic microorganisms in municipal sludge treatment: A review

Journal Article

Poor adherence to P2Y12 antagonists increased cardiovascular risks in Chinese PCI-treated patients

Yang Sun,Chenze Li,Lina Zhang,Dong Hu,Xudong Zhang,Ting Yu,Min Tao,Dao Wen Wang,Xiaoqing Shen

Journal Article

Geoenvironmental Hazard Risks and Monitoring Technologies for Marine Carbon Sequestration

Zhang Shaopeng, Liu Xiaolei, Cheng Guangwei, Zhu Chaoqi, Li Qingping, He Yufa

Journal Article

Risk management of Karst tunnel of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway

Zhu Pengfei

Journal Article

Sustainable Management and Action in China under the Increasing Risks of Global Climate Change

Yihui Ding

Journal Article